Turpentine hack and puller



Sept. 13, 1938.

W. A. S ESSOMS TURPENTINE HACK AND FULLER lFiled Sept. 17, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Sept, 13, 1938 W. A. sEssoMs' TURPENTINE HACK AND FULLER :Filed sept. 17, '1937 2 sheets-sheet 2 lNvENToR Y lATTORNEY Patented Sept. 13, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFiCE 11 Claims.

This invention relates to turpentine hacks and pullers and more particularly to improvements therein whereby such tools may be used more effectively in the hands of unskilled persons per- 4 mitting successive cuts to be made having uniform depth and thickness.

This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No. 114,706, filed December 7, 1936 and issued Oct. 19, 1937 as Patent No.

In the use of a turpentine hack and puller, it is advantageous to` have a form of tool which may be readily operated by unskilled hands so as to obtain with certainty cuts of proper dimen- 15'7' sions on a tree so that the life for the operative period of the tree is increased and the yield of turpentine from the tree is thereby augmented.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a simplified form of turpentine tool by which accurate cuttings may be obtained.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of turpentine tool having an elongated guide member which is mounted in position with relation to the curvilinear cutting edge of the knife member so as to be adjustable in position and to obtain a predetermined thickness and depth of cut.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of turpentine tool having an elongated guide member which is readily demountable to permit sharpening of' the knife member.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of adjustable guide in connection with a turpentine tool by which adjustment of the guide can be made with variations in the curvature of the cutting edge of the knife member so as to obtain equal cuts in depth and thickness on both the left and right cuts on the face of the tree.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of adjustable guide to provide for a range or variations in chip or amount of out.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of' turpentine tool having a form of guide for the cutting stroke which will permit use of 45. a curved knife blade of smaller or narrower diameter than would be otherwise necessary for obtaining the same size of cut.

Another object of the invention is to provide a form of turpentine tool having a simplified construction which may be more easily manufactured than the forms heretofore developed, as illustrated and described in the patent above referred to.

Another object of the invention is to provide a 55. form of turpentine tool which may be manufactured at a lower cost than the forms as shown and described in the said application by which increased accuracy of the cutting operation is obtained.

With these and other objects in View the invention comprises the various features hereinafter more fully described and particularly dened in the claims.

The invention is illustrated in its preferred and modified forms in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a view in elevation, partly in section showing the preferred form of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional View taken on the section line 2--2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken on the section line 3--3 of Fig. l;

Fig. 4 is a View in elevation of a modified form of demountable guide member;

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on the section line 5 5 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a view in elevation of a modified form of turpentine tool in which a novel means for the catching of chips is illustrated;

Fig. 7 is a plan View of the modified form of o device shown in Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional View of the cutting knives and mounting therefor, the section being taken on the section line 8-8 of Fig. 6;

Fig. 9 is a plan view showing the slot portion in which the knives are mounted, and

Fig. 10 is a detailed View showing one of the knife members.

Referring more in detail to the drawings, the numeral 2 indicates a handle' on which the turpentine tool is mounted. The handle is preferably of Wood although any other suitable material may be employed.

The handle is preferably provided with a suitable groove 4 and a depression 6 in which the body member 8 and tang i0 are fitted and suitably held. The body portion 8 of the turpentine tool is preferably securely fastened in place on the handle by means of bands of metal l2 and lll.

Integrally connected to the body portion is a head or enlarged portion IG in which is a groove or channel IB in which the shank 20 of a knife member 22 may be rigidly held. In order to fasten the knife member in place, an opening 24 is preferably provided in` the shank of they knife member and an opening 26 having an internal screw thread is provided in the head I6, a stud bolt 28 being provided to securely hold the knife member in place.

The blade portion 23 of the knife member is preferably made in the form of a loop positioned symmetrically with respect to the body portion 8 of the tool, the edges 2l and 29 of the knife member being sharpened to provide cutting edges for the tool. A

In the preferred form of the invention I preferably provide a second channel or groove i9 similar to the channel IB on the opposite side of the head l5 so that a knife member may be attached on either side of the body portion of the tool. The knife member may have a cutting edge on both the forward and rear face of the knife so as to be reversible in position in the channels I8 and I9.

In order to guide the cutting edge of the tool during a cutting stroke, an elongated rectilinear guide member 3S is provided, the guide member being preferably mounted in a substantially V-shaped seat 32 having side members 34 and 36 carrying suitable stop members 38 and 40 respectively by which adjustment in the lateral movement of the guide to either side of the knife member 22 may be obtained.

The stop members, by which the extent of the swinging or lateral movement of the guide member is determined, may comprise set screws or the like which may be held in any given or set position by means of lock washers 42 and 44, although any equivalent means adapted to limit the lateral movement of the guide member to any desired amount may be employed.

In order to suitably hold the guide member 3Q in place in the V-shaped member, the lower edge 3| of the guide member is preferably cylindrical in form so as to fit a corresponding cylindrical opening S3 at the base or bottom of the V-shaped member, whereby the guide member 30 may be readily mounted or placed in position by sliding the member inwardly in the direction of the knife blade until the rear end ofthe cylinder engages the wall portion or stop 46. The forward end of the guide member, may be held in place by means of a spring member 48 which abuts the forward end of the cylindrical part 3| and is connected to the body member by means of rivets 5G or other suitable fastening means.

The guide member 3i) may be readily removed from the seat member 32 by depressing the spring member 48 and withdrawing the guide member from the cylindrical seat 33 in the V-shaped member 32.

The upper portion 35 of guide member 30 may also be cylindrical in form so that, in the use of the tool, the upper rectilinear portion or element ofthe surface thereof will contact the face of a tree during the cutting stroke, and a lateral rectilinear portion or element of the surface of the cylinder which is uppermost during use of the tool will contact with the under surface of the last formed streak or cut so as to guide the tool and assure a cut of uniform depth and thickness.

By the term depth is generally understood the distance of a cut into the sap wood of the tree, while by the term thickness is understood the distance or height of a cut up the tree, correspending to the thickness of a streak.

It may be explained in connection with the form of device illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings, that if the guide member were fixed in the position indicated in full lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the tool would have to be turned a very considerable amount in order to obtain a cut with the guide edge 35 against the face of the tree, and the streak would slope upwardly producing what is known as a slab streak, which is not protected from rain, rather than a square streak. Furthermore, if this construction were used with a xed guide member, later cuts would be shallower than the rst cut for the reason that in the later cuts the guide edge 35 would contact with an outwardly curved surface. As the subsequent cuts would be made, the tool would be gradually brought nearer to the outer surface of the tree.

By the use of the form of tool in which the guide member may be moved laterally so as to be positioned slightly to one side of the knife member, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the knife member is guided by the guide member so as to make progressive cuts of the same depth into the sap wood.

By the use of a shifting or laterally movable guide member to be shifted or moved from one side of the body member to the other in changing the cutting stroke from one side of the face of a tree to the other, a smaller or narrower knife blade than would be necessary for obtaining cuts of a given size or thickness, may be employed. This construction has the advantage furthermore that the force employed in the cutting stroke is more directly in line with the cutting edge so that the lost component of force in making the cutting stroke is very appreciably less, and there is less tendency to lose a stroke because of encountering knots, knurls or variations in hardness of the bark and sap wood to be cut through during the cutting strokes.

Instead of the form of guide member as illustrated in Figs. l and 3, I may employ a modied form as shown in Figs. 4 and 5 of the drawings having a lower cylindrical portion 52 adaptedto t the hollow cylindrical opening 33 of the V-shaped holding member 32, a central body portion 54 and an upper guide portion 56 to which is connected the outwardly extending fins or rectilinear guide edges 58 and 6) which extend upwardly and outwardly preferably at an angle of substantially 45 with the central portion 56. During use of the tool in making a cutting stroke, one of the lateral guide edges or extensions 53 or 60 rides on the under surface of the last cut streak so as to guide the tool and to determine the thickness of the cut in making the next streak.

The central extension or edge member 56 rides, during a cutting stroke, on the face of the tree and serves to guide the tool during the stroke to determine the depth of the cut into the sap wood.

It will be understood that the form of the guide member may bewaried in form as desired to accomplish the desired purpose in guiding the tool without departing from the invention as defined in the claims.

The form of knife member 22 and mounting therefor is illustrated in its preferred form in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings, by which the cutting curvilinear edge of the knife is distributed equally and symmetrically on each side of the central plane of the body member 2 so as to provide substantially the same form and character of cut on each side of the face of a tree.

It will be understood however that in the manufacture of the knife blades, a considerable variation occurs and in exceptional cases the edge portions of the blade are not symmetrical with respect to the shank of the knife member. In these cases the stops limiting the lateral movement of the guide member in each side of the tool may be adjusted so that the cuts obtained with the tool on each side of the face of the tree will be substantially the same.

If desired a central opening or slot through the body portion 4 of the tool may be employed for mounting the knife member as is illustrated in connection with Fig. 9, hereinafter more fully described, or two single knife members may be used if desired of the form illustrated more particularly in Figs. 8 and ,l0 of the drawings in connection with a modified form of the device in which a chip catcher attachment is employed.

Referring to Figs. 6 to 10 ofthe drawings, an improved form of turpentine tool is illustrated which is similar in form to that shown and described in connection with Figs. 1 to l1 inclusive of my copending application Serial No. 114,706 Patent No. 2,096,384, above referred to.

In this improved form of the invention a slot 'Hl is provided in the body portion of the tool to permit mounting separate knife members l2 and M of similar form so as to be symmetrically arranged when mounted in place in the body member.

In order to suitably hold the knives in proper spaced relation, a wedge member 16 is preferably provided which is adapted to flt into the extensions 'i8 and 80 of the slot 'l0 to rigidly hold the blade members in place.

In order to catch the chips as they are cut during a stroke to prevent the chips falling into the turpentine cup, a rear tray or chip catcher 82 is detachably provided at the rear end of the tool and a forward removable tray or chip catcher 84 is provided at the upper or forward end of the tool.

The rear tray 82 is preferably open at its forward end so as to permit chips or pieces of wood to fall or slide along the tray and are held in the tray by means of retaining walls or sides 86, 38 and by the rear wall or transverse retainer wall Q0 which is preferably bent forwardly to form a pocket 92 to hold the chips during a cutting stroke. The transverse wall member may be located if desired at an intermediate portion of the tray instead of at the rear end thereof.

The rear tray member 82 is also preferably pro`- vided with lateral rectilinear guide members 94 and 96 which serve to guide the tool on the face of the tree during cutting strokes on each side of the face.

Upstanding rectilinear members or projecting edges 68 and 99, are also preferably provided at the upper portions of the side walls 36 and 8B respectively, which serve to guide the tool during a cutting stroke under the shoulder or cut surface of the last-cut streak to obtain the desired predetermined thickness of cut.

The tray member 82 is preferably mounted so as to be removable Vand adjustable in position with reference to the cutting edge of the knife member in a manner similar to the corresponding adjustable guide member as described in my patent above referred to.

Referring now to the forward chip catcher or tray member B4, this tray is preferably attached at the forward end of the body member |00 by means of a winged nut and bolt or by means of a stud bolt ll, or the equivalent, by which the tray may be very readily attached in place or removed.

The forward tray member is preferably provided with upstanding integral curved wing nurnbers [0B and |66 which extend over the central portion of the tray and prevent chips from falling out into the turpentine cup during a cutting stroke.

The vforward end of the tray is preferably bent up so as `to form a forward retaining wall W6 which prevents the chips from flying forward out of the tray, the wall being sloped forwardly sothat as the forward end of the tool is released or turned downwardly after a stroke is completed, the chips in the tray will fall to the ground.

In the portion of the tray immediately under the knife members l2 and ill, I preferably provide an elongated slot H0 which registers with the slot 1i), so that the wedge member i6 projects therethrough and may readily be forced out of engagement with the knife members by striking the projecting portion of the wedge member.`

It will be understood that in the operation of the turpentine tool, the chips are released from the cutting edge of the knife member in a direction toward the forward end of the tool into the tray 84 and in any sudden jar or false stroke of the tool the wings lilll, lii serve to hold the chips in the tray and prevent them from falling into the turpentine cup to cause discoloration of the turpentine gum.

The manner in which parts of the device may be attached and the manner in which the tool and parts thereof operate are believed to be clear from the drawings in connection with the above description and from the specification of my Patent No. 2,096,384 in which .the parts not particularly referred to herein are fully described.

It will be understood that modifications or variations may be made in the improved form of the device of my invention as shown and described, without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the claims.`

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new is:

1. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member thereon, an elongated rectilinear guide member, means for mounting said guide member in front of the knife member on said body member to permit movement laterally from one position to another parallel thereto so that on changing the cutting stroke from one side to the other on the face of the tree, the guide member will be shifted laterally, whereby successive cuts of uniform depth may be obtained.

2. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, an elongated rectilinear guide member mounted on said body member to permit movement laterally from one position to another parallel thereto, means for adjusting the position of the guide member to limit the lateral movement thereof, means for mounting a knife member having a curvilinear cutting edge on said body member at right angles to the longitudinal direction of the guide member and means on said guide member to guide the movement of the knife member during the cutting stroke to determine the depth and thickness of the cut.

3. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member thereon, an elongated rectilinear guide member extending in front of the cutting edge of the knife member, means for mounting the guide member so as to permit movement laterally from one side of the cutting edge to a position parallel thereto at the other side of the cutting edge so as to guide the cutting stroke in both directions and to determine the depth and thickness of the cuts and stop means on each side` of the mounting means for the guide member to limit the lateral movement thereof.

4. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member thereon, an elongated rectilinear guide member, and means for .mounting the guide member on said body member so as to swing laterally'from one side of the knife member to the other, so that on changing the cutting stroke from one side to the other on the face of a tree, the guide member will be shifted to a position adjacent the cutting portion of the knife member, whereby successive cuts of uniform depth and thickness may be obtained.

5. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member thereon, an elongated member having rectilinear guide means thereon and means for mounting the elongated guide member so as to permit swinging movement of the rectilinear guide means from a position adjacent one side of the cutting edge of the knife member to a position on the opposite side thereof so that in changing the cutting stroke from one side of the face of a tree to the other, the rectilinear guide means will be correspondingly shifted.

6. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member mounted on said body member, said knife member having cutting edges on both the forward and rear face thereof, means for mounting the knife member on said body member so as to permit reversing the knife member in position thereon so that the cutting edges extend symmetrically from the midportion of the body member, an elongated rectilinear guide member, and means for detachably mounting said guide member in front of the knife member on said body member so as to permit swinging movement of the guide portion from one position adjacent a cutting edge of the knife member to a corresponding position adjacent the opposite cutting edge of the knife member, whereby on changing the cutting stroke from one side to the other on the face of a tree, the guide member will be correspondingly shifted.

7. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member thereon, an elongated rectilinear guide member, means for mounting the guide member on said body member so as to swing laterally from one side of the knife member to the other on changing the cutting stroke from one side to the other on the face of a tree, and stop means for limiting the movement of the guide member as it is shifted in position adjacent the cutting portion of the knife member.

8, A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member having forward and rear cutting edges thereon, means for mounting the knife member on the body member so that the cutting edges are substantially symmetrical with respect to the body member, an elongated member having rectilinear guide means thereon, pivot means for mounting the elongated guide member so as to permit swinging movement of the rectilinear guide means from a position adjacent one side of a cutting edge of the knife member to a position substantially equidistant from the corresponding cutting edge on the opposite side thereof, so that in changing the cutting stroke from one side of the face of a tree to the other the rectilinear guide means will be correspondingly shifted and adjustable stop means to limit the movement of the guide means so that equal cuts may be obtained on both sides of the knife member.

9. A turpentine hack and puller comprising a body member, a knife member mounted on said body member, said knife member having similarly curved cutting edges on both the forward and rear faces thereof and on the lateral sides of each face, means for mounting the knife member on said body member so as to permit reversing the knife member in position thereon soI that the cutting edges extend substantially symmetrically from the midportion of the body member, an elongated rectilinear guide member, means for detachably mounting said guidemember on said body member in a V-shaped seat adjacent the knife member so as to permit swinging the guide portion from a position adjacent one cutting edge of the knife member to a position on the other side thereof adjacent a corresponding cutting edge of the knife member so that on changing the cutting stroke from one side to the other on the face of a tree, the guide member will be correspondingly shifted, and adjustable stop members on each side of the V-shaped seat for adjustably limiting the swinging movement of the guide portion, whereby the cuts made by opposite cutting edges on the knife member may be equalized.

10. In a device of the kind described, a body member, an elongated chip tray mounted on said body member so as 'to catch chips falling during a cutting stroke, a rectilinear guide member on each longitudinal side ofthe tray and integral therewith, said rectilinear guides being adapted to ride on the face of the tree and an upwardly extending rectilinear guide member on each of the longitudinal sides of the tray adapted to ride on the under surface of the last cut streak so as to guide the tool during a cutting stroke for controlling the thickness of cut.

11. In a device of the kind described a body member, a knife member, an elongated chip tray mounted on said body member rearwardly of the knife member so as to catch chips formed during a cutting stroke of the tool, means positioned on the longitudinal sides of the tray for guiding the tool during the cutting stroke on the face of the tree and on the under surface of the last cut streak, a chip tray mounted on said body member forwardly of the knife member, and means for holding the knife member in place associated with the said forward tray to permit release of the holding means for the said knife member.

WILLIAM A. SESSOMS, 

